@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto+Mono:wght@400;700&display=swap');

/* Default site typography: HELVETICA everywhere */
html, body,
p, li, a, nav, button, input, textarea, select,
blockquote, figcaption, small, strong, em,
.section, .inner, .content, .button, .actions, .icons {
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  font-style: normal !important;
}


/* ======================================
   MIT Custom Styles for Hugo Story
   File: static/css/custom.css
====================================== */

/* -------------------------------
   Font definition (MIT Font)
--------------------------------*/
:root {
  --mit-font-family: "neue-haas-grotesk-display", sans-serif;
  --mit-font-weight: 700;
  --mit-font-style: normal;
}

/* -------------------------------
   Headings: use MIT font
--------------------------------*/
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family) !important;
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight) !important;
  font-style: var(--mit-font-style) !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.0005em;  /* <-- adds subtle spacing between letters */
  color: #6c6c6c; 
}

/* -------------------------------
   Banner: full-screen hero with title + centered menu
--------------------------------*/
#banner {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 100svh;              /* full viewport height (mobile safe) */
  min-height: 100vh;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;              /* centers the whole content block */
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  border: none;
  background: none;                 /* no background by default */
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* Centered banner content (title + menu) */
#banner .content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;          /* vertical centering inside the hero */
  gap: 0rem;                     /* space between title and menu */
  padding: 0rem 1.5rem;
  max-width: 1100px;
  width: 100%;
}

/* Banner title */
#banner .content > h1,
#banner h1 {
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family) !important;
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight) !important;
  font-style: var(--mit-font-style) !important;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.1;
  font-size: clamp(3.5rem, calc(2rem + 3vw), 6rem);
  letter-spacing: 0.0005em;  /* <-- adds subtle spacing between letters */
  color: #000;                      /* change to #fff if using dark bg */
  white-space: pre-line !important; /* allows <br> */
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Hide other theme-injected banner bits */
#banner .image,
#banner .actions,
#banner p,
#banner .button,
#banner .icons,
#banner .subtitle {
  display: none !important;
}

/* -------------------------------
   Generic body reset
--------------------------------*/
body {
  margin: 0;
  color: #222;
  background: #fff;
}
/* ==============================
   HOME MENU iframe — responsive, centered, full-bleed on mobile
   Replace your existing .embed-frame blocks with this
============================== */

.embed-frame{
  /* GWD stage size */
  --stage-w: 500px;
  --stage-h: 350px;

  position: relative;
  z-index: 5;

  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--stage-w);
  margin: 0 auto;

  /* Keep a predictable box that matches the stage aspect */
  aspect-ratio: 500 / 350;

  overflow: hidden;
}

.embed-frame iframe{
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;

  width: var(--stage-w);
  height: var(--stage-h);

  border: 0;
  display: block;

  transform-origin: center;
  /* Fallback scale: based on wrapper width (works everywhere) */
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(clamp(0.2, calc(100% / var(--stage-w)), 1));
}

/* If the browser supports container query units, use them (more precise) */
@supports (width: 1cqw){
  .embed-frame{
    container-type: inline-size;
  }
  .embed-frame iframe{
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(clamp(0.2, calc(100cqw / var(--stage-w)), 1));
  }
}

/* === MOBILE: go truly edge-to-edge, no “boxed” margins, still centered === */
@media (max-width: 520px){
  .embed-frame{
    width: 100vw;
    max-width: none;

    /* This makes it full-bleed even if the parent section has padding */
    margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
    margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);

    /* If your GWD animation spills vertically, bump this a bit:
       e.g. 500/380 or 500/400 */
    aspect-ratio: 500 / 350;
  }

  /* Use viewport width for scaling on mobile to avoid any parent constraints */
  .embed-frame iframe{
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(clamp(0.2, calc(100vw / var(--stage-w)), 1));
  }
}

/* ======================================
   Limit global text scaling (balanced)
====================================== */
html { font-size: clamp(13px, 0.9vw + 0.45rem, 17px); }

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 0.7vw + 0.7rem, 1.8rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

p, li, blockquote, .content {
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 0.55vw + 0.5rem, 1.05rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* People fine-tune */
.people-section h3 { font-size: clamp(1rem, 0.45vw + 0.65rem, 1.4rem); }
.people-section .role,
.people-section .bio { font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 0.35vw + 0.45rem, 1rem); }


.menu-frame {
  position: relative;
}

/* White overlay covers the menu iframe */
.menu-frame__loader {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: white;                 /* <-- white background */
  z-index: 2;
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity 0.8s ease;     /* fade smoothly */
}

/* =========================================================
   Menu Spinner + Floating Nav + Section Offset
========================================================= */

.menu-frame__spinner {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  animation: menuspin 2.4s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes menuspin {
  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* ===== Floating nav: hidden over banner, fixed after ===== */
#floating-nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  background: #282828;
  color: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-100%); /* hidden by default */
  opacity: 0;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace  !important;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform .25s ease, opacity .25s ease;
}
#floating-nav.is-visible {
  transform: translateY(0);
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

#floating-nav .floating-nav__inner {
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: .6rem 1rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace  !important;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* Baseline link style */
#floating-nav a {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace !important;
  opacity: .9;
  transition: opacity .2s ease, filter .2s ease;
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

/* Dim others when one is active (JS toggles .has-active) */
#floating-nav.has-active a { opacity: .45; }

/* Active link (JS adds .is-active AND inline weight 700!important) */
#floating-nav a.is-active {
  font-weight: 700 !important;  /* wins over your global 400!important */
  opacity: 1 !important;
  filter: brightness(1.2);
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Hover: no underline, slight brighten */
#floating-nav a:hover { opacity: .95; text-decoration: none; }


/* ===== Timeline: center + responsive downscale (no drift) ===== */
.timeline-frame {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 5;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1200px;          /* timeline design width */
  aspect-ratio: 1200 / 500;   /* auto height from width */
  margin: 0 auto;             /* center wrapper itself */
  overflow: hidden;
  container-type: inline-size; /* enable 100cqw for scaling calc */
}

.timeline-frame iframe {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 1200px;              /* internal stage size from GWD */
  height: 500px;
  border: 0;
  display: block;
  transform-origin: center;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(clamp(0.2, calc(100cqw / 1200px), 1));
  will-change: transform;
}

/* Timeline spinner overlay: hidden by default */
.timeline-frame__loader {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: #fff;
  z-index: 3;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity .35s ease, visibility .35s ease; /* snappier fade */
}

/* Plasmid spinner */
.timeline-frame__spinner {
  width: 140px;
  height: 140px;
  animation: timelinespin 2.4s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes timelinespin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }

/* When JS adds `.is-loading` on the frame, show the overlay */
.timeline-frame.is-loading .timeline-frame__loader {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}


/* --- Adjust header spacing in timeline & research sections --- */
#research-timeline header.major,
#research header.major {
  margin-top: 1rem;        /* small top margin (tight to section start) */
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;     /* more space before the content below */
  text-align: center;
}

/* Make their titles visually balanced */
#research-timeline h2,
#research header.major h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 1vw + 1rem, 2.2rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0;                 /* remove any default heading margins */
  padding: 0;                /* clean slate */
  color: #2a2a2a;
}

.research > .content {
  max-width: 1600px;   /* was 1200px; try 1600–1800px */
}

/* ============================
   PEOPLE — CLEAN BASE
============================ */

/* Center like the banner and control side padding here only */
.people-section > .content {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}

/* ============================
   PEOPLE GRID — FLEX-CENTERED
============================ */
.people-section .people-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 2rem;
  justify-content: center;   /* centers every row, including the last */
  align-items: stretch;
  width: 100%;
}

/* Space between different role groups */
.people-section .people-grid + .people-grid {
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

/* Optional: first (PI) grid uses a single centered card */
.people-section .people-grid:first-of-type .person-card {
  width: 260px;   /* slightly larger PI card; change to 240px for uniform size */
  max-width: 260px;
}

/* ============================
   PERSON CARD (shared styles)
============================ */
.person-card {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 0;
  width: 240px;            /* fixed width for consistent wrapping */
  max-width: 240px;
}

.person-card .image.avatar {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.person-card .image.avatar img {
  display: block;
  width: 160px;
  height: 160px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 9999px;
}
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .person-card .image.avatar img {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
  }
}

.person-card h3 {
  margin: 0.25rem 0 0.25rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  word-break: break-word;
}

.person-card .role {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.85;
  margin-top: -0.15rem;
}

.person-card .bio {
  font-size: 0.9rem;  /* ~14–15px */
  line-height: 1.45;
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

/* ============================
   EMAIL & LINKS
============================ */

/* Obfuscated email */
.person-card .person-email,
.person-profile .person-email {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace;
  font-size: 0.7rem;   /* smaller, similar to .role */
  opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Icon row — icon-only (no pills/borders) */
.person-card .person-links,
.person-profile .person-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.person-card .person-links a,
.person-profile .person-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0;
  min-width: 0;
  height: auto;
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
  opacity: 0.95;
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease;
}

.person-card .person-links a:hover,
.person-profile .person-links a:hover {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.person-card .person-links svg,
.person-profile .person-links svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  display: block;
}

/* ============================
   PERSON PAGE (details view)
============================ */
.person-profile {
  padding-inline: clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
}

/* Co-supervised line — subtle, below role */
.person-card .co-supervised,
.person-profile .co-supervised {
  margin-top: 0.1rem;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  opacity: 0.85;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ============================
   Content Width
============================ */

section.wrapper {
  max-width: 1500px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}



/* ============================
   Research Spotlights — center image column vertically
============================ */

/* Desktop/tablet: make each spotlight row align its two columns vertically */
@media (min-width: 980px) {
  #research .spotlights > section,
  #research .spotlight {
    display: flex !important;          /* keep Story's two-column row */
    align-items: center !important;    /* <-- vertically center both columns */
  }

  /* Ensure both columns participate in vertical centering */
  #research .spotlights > section .content,
  #research .spotlights > section .image,
  #research .spotlight .content,
  #research .spotlight .image {
    align-self: center !important;     /* guard against theme overrides */
  }
}

/* Keep your image pane styling: white background + inner centering */
#research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media {
  background-color: #fff !important;
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  height: clamp(180px, 24vw, 300px) !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;  
  padding: 0 !important;        /* ensure no internal padding */
  margin: 0 !important;         /* remove any default outer margin */
}

/* Image: contain, no stretch */
#research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media img {
  position: static !important;
  width: auto !important;
  height: auto !important;
  max-width: 98% !important;
  max-height: 98% !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
  display: block !important;
}

@media (min-width: 980px) {
  #research .spotlight .content,
  #research .spotlight .image { height: auto !important; }
}

/* ============================
   Research Spotlights — MOBILE vertical centering fix
   (applies when the spotlight stacks)
============================ */
@media (max-width: 979px) {
  /* Make the image pane a proper centering box with a sensible minimum height */
  #research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media {
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;      /* vertical centering */
    justify-content: center !important;  /* horizontal centering */
    min-height: 220px;                    /* tweak: 180–280px as you like */
    height: auto !important;              /* don’t inherit desktop slot height */
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  /* Image should shrink to fit, never stretch; centered inside the box */
  #research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media img {
    width: auto !important;
    height: auto !important;
    max-width: 100% !important;
    max-height: 100% !important;
    object-fit: contain !important;
    display: block !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
  }

  /* Ensure both stacked columns participate in centering (theme guard) */
  #research .spotlight .image,
  #research .spotlight .content {
    align-self: center !important;
  }
}

/* ============================
   Admin Button on Banner — desktop-only subtle grey pill
============================ */
.banner-admin-btn {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 1.2rem;
  right: 1.2rem;
  z-index: 50;
  background: rgba(60, 60, 60, 0.85);   /* subtle grey background */
  color: #fff;
  font-family: "Roboto", monospace  !important;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.15rem 0.6rem;              /* compact pill shape */
  border-radius: 9999px;                /* rounded pill corners */
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  opacity: 0.8;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease;
}

.banner-admin-btn:hover {
  opacity: 1;
  background: rgba(30, 30, 30, 0.95);   /* darker on hover */
}

.banner-admin-btn:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Hide on smaller screens (show only on desktop) */
@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .banner-admin-btn {
    display: none !important;
  }
}

/* ======================================
   People group spacing and heading style
====================================== */
.people-heading {
  text-align: center;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight);
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 0.8vw + 1rem, 2rem);
  color: #2a2a2a;
  margin-top: 4rem;    /* default top spacing for later groups */
  margin-bottom: 2rem; /* spacing below heading */
}

/* Remove top space before the first heading (Ron) */
.people-heading:first-of-type {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.people-grid {
  margin-bottom: 3rem; /* space after each group */
}


/* Place in static/css/custom.css */

/* Headings rhythm */
.people-heading {
  text-align: center;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight);
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 0.8vw + 1rem, 2rem);
  color: #2a2a2a;
  margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
}
.people-heading + .pi-card { margin-bottom: 3rem; }
.people-heading + .people-grid { margin-bottom: 3rem; }

/* ======================================
   PI card: photo left, info right (outside grid)
   - larger photo & name
   - vertically centered alignment
====================================== */

.pi-card {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;           /* ✅ centers photo with info column */
  justify-content: flex-start;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  text-align: left;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
  padding: 0 1rem;
}

/* Left column (photo) */
.pi-card .image.avatar {
  flex: 0 0 280px;              /* ✅ slightly bigger photo */
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;          /* ensures perfect vertical centering */
  justify-content: center;
}

.pi-card .image.avatar img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-width: 280px;             /* ✅ larger photo size */
  border-radius: 9999px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

/* Right column (name, role, links, bio) */
.pi-card .person-info {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 280px;
  padding-left: 2rem;
}

.pi-card h3,
.pi-card .role,
.pi-card .bio,
.pi-card .person-links {
  text-align: left;
}

.pi-card h3 {
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 0.4vw + 0.8rem, 1.8rem);
  margin: 0 0 .4rem 0;
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.pi-card .role {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: .9;
  margin-bottom: .75rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.pi-card .bio {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  opacity: .9;
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 0.4vw + 0.8rem, 0.9rem);
  max-width: 640px;
}

.pi-card .person-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: .6rem .9rem;
  margin-top: .75rem;
  justify-content: flex-start;   /* ✅ icons align left */
  align-items: center;
}
/* Responsive stacking for mobile */
@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .pi-card {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .pi-card .image.avatar {
    flex: none;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  }

  .pi-card .person-info {
    padding-left: 0;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .pi-card h3,
  .pi-card .role,
  .pi-card .bio {
    text-align: center;
  }

  /* ✅ Fix: center icons when stacked */
  .pi-card .person-links {
    justify-content: center !important;
    text-align: center;
  }
}


/* static/css/custom.css (append this) */

/* ====== Alumni CTA button under People ====== */
.people-alumni-cta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 4rem;
  margin-bottom: 5rem;
}
.alumni-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: .55rem 1.1rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: #2a2a2a;
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease, background .2s ease;
}
.alumni-btn:hover { background: #111; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.alumni-btn:active { transform: translateY(0); }

/* ====== Alumni page ====== */
.alumni-section .inner {
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}

.alumni-heading {
  text-align: center;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 0.6vw + 0.9rem, 1.5rem);
  color: #2a2a2a;
  margin: 1rem 0 1rem;
}

/* Grid: auto-fit with min 2 cols, up to ~7 cols depending on width */
.alumni-grid {
  --card-min: 110px;         /* minimum card width */
  --gap: 14px;
  display: grid;
  gap: var(--gap);
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(var(--card-min), 1fr));
  max-width: calc(7 * (var(--card-min) + var(--gap))); /* soft cap ~7 columns */
  margin: 0 auto 2.5rem;
}

.alumni-card {
  text-align: center;
}

.alumni-card .image.avatar {
  width: 96px;
  height: 96px;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0 auto .4rem;
}
@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .alumni-card .image.avatar { width: 110px; height: 110px; }
}
.alumni-card .image.avatar img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.alumni-name {
  font-size: .9rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0;
  color: #2a2a2a;
}

/* ===========================
   Alumni tweaks (still Roboto Mono)
=========================== */

/* Big main title */
.alumni-section header.major h2 {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 2vw + 1rem, 3.6rem);
  color: #111;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* Category headings */
.alumni-section h3.alumni-heading {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 0.9vw + 1rem, 2rem);
  color: #222;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 2.5rem 0 1.25rem;
}

/* Alumni names (keep mono, just tighten spacing + size) */
.alumni-section h4.alumni-name {
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: #2a2a2a;
  margin: 0;
}


/* Add a bit more breathing room between title and grids */
.alumni-section .content > header.major {
  margin-bottom: 1.75rem !important;
}


/* Alumni grid sizing */
.alumni-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 14px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(110px, 1fr));
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto 3rem;
}
.alumni-card { text-align: center; }
.alumni-card .image.avatar {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0 auto 0.5rem;
}
.alumni-card .image.avatar img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

/* Floating "Back to People" button */
.back-to-people-btn {
  position: fixed;
  top: 16px;
  right: 16px;
  z-index: 1200;
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: #2a2a2a;
  color: #fff !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace  !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease, background .2s ease;
}
.back-to-people-btn:hover {
  background: #000;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.back-to-people-btn:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}
@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .back-to-people-btn {
    top: 10px;
    right: 10px;
    padding: .45rem .75rem;
    font-size: .9rem;
  }
}


/* === Make person-subtitle visually identical to the old "role" === */

/* The clamp size you used for role/bio in People lists */
.people-section .role,
.people-section .person-subtitle {
  font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 0.35vw + 0.45rem, 1rem);
}

/* Card subtitle = old .role on cards */
.person-card .role,
.person-card .person-subtitle {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.85;
  margin-top: -0.15rem;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

/* PI layout subtitle = old .role on PI card */
.pi-card .role,
.pi-card .person-subtitle {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.9;
  margin-bottom: .75rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

/* Single person page subtitle = match old role styling there too */
.person-profile .role,
.person-profile .person-subtitle {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.85;
  line-height: 1.25;
  /* keep size consistent with your page scale; tweak only if needed */
  font-size: 1rem;
}


/* ========= Person profile (single) ========= */

.profile-wrap {
  --card-w: 320px;
  --gap: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--gap);
  align-items: start;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
}

/* Two columns on desktop */
@media (min-width: 980px) {
  .profile-wrap {
    grid-template-columns: var(--card-w) minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
}

/* Left card */
.profile-card {
  position: relative;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.06);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.06);
}

@media (min-width: 980px) {
  .profile-card { position: sticky; top: 1.25rem; }
}

.profile-photo {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}
.profile-photo img {
  width: 180px;
  height: 180px;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .profile-photo img { width: 200px; height: 200px; }
}

.profile-name {
  margin: 0.25rem 0 0.2rem;
  line-height: 1.15;
  word-break: break-word;
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 0.8vw + 1rem, 2rem);
}

/* Make subtitle match the list cards look */
.profile-card .person-subtitle {
  font-weight: 600;
  opacity: 0.9;
  line-height: 1.25;
  font-size: 1rem;
  margin: 0.15rem 0 0.35rem;
}

/* Co-supervision line under subtitle */
.profile-card .co-supervised {
  margin-top: .1rem;
  font-size: .8rem;
  opacity: .8;
  font-style: italic;
}

/* Icon row */
.profile-card .person-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: .55rem .75rem;
  margin-top: .55rem;
}
.profile-card .person-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  opacity: .95;
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease;
}
.profile-card .person-links a:hover { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(-1px); }
.profile-card .person-links svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; display: block; }

/* Meta list (degrees etc.) */
.profile-meta {
  list-style: none;
  margin: .9rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);
  padding-top: .85rem;
}
.profile-meta li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr;
  gap: .5rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  margin: .35rem 0;
  font-size: .95rem;
}
.profile-meta .k { font-weight: 600; opacity: .9; }
.profile-meta .v { opacity: .9; }

/* Right content column */
.profile-content {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 16px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.06);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.04);
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 2rem);
}
.profile-content h2 {
  margin: 0 0 .6rem 0;
 font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 0.7vw + 0.6rem, 1.25rem); /* was ~1.6rem max */
}
.profile-content .pp-intro p { font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.6; }
.profile-content .pp-experience,
.profile-content .pp-bio,
.profile-content .pp-content {
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
}
.profile-content p, 
.profile-content li { line-height: 1.6; }

/* Mobile spacing */
@media (max-width: 979px) {
  .profile-card { margin-top: .5rem; }
  .profile-content { margin-bottom: .5rem; }
}

/* Optional: print-friendly */
@media print {
  .profile-wrap { display: block; }
  .profile-card, .profile-content { box-shadow: none; border: 0; padding: 0; }
  .profile-photo img { width: 120px; height: 120px; }
}


/* === RESOURCES (Story-style) FINAL ===
   - large uniform icons
   - aligned titles/descriptions
   - subtle grid separators
======================================= */

.resources-grid {
  --min: 260px;
  --res-line: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(var(--min), 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  background: var(--res-line);
  border: 1px solid var(--res-line);
  border-radius: 14px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.resource-card {
  background: #fff;
  padding: 1.6rem 1.25rem 1.45rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto 1fr;  /* icon, text block, filler */
  justify-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  transition: background 0.15s ease, transform 0.12s ease;
}
.resource-card:hover {
  background: #f8f8f8;
}
.resource-card:active {
  transform: translateY(1px);
}

/* --- FIXED ICON AREA --- */
.rc-media {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  height: 140px;                    /* fixed vertical space for alignment */
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}
.rc-media img {
  max-width: 110px;
  max-height: 110px;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  transition: transform 0.18s ease;
}
.resource-card:hover .rc-media img {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* --- TITLES --- */
.rc-title {
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 0.45vw + 0.75rem, 1.1rem);
  line-height: 1.22;
  margin: 0 0 0.4rem 0;
}

/* --- DESCRIPTIONS --- */
.rc-desc {
  font-size: clamp(0.83rem, 0.35vw + 0.55rem, 0.9rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
  opacity: 0.9;
  max-width: 62ch;
  margin: 0;
  display: block;
}

/* --- MOBILE --- */
@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .resources-grid {
    --min: 200px;
  }
  .resource-card {
    padding: 1.3rem 1rem 1.1rem;
  }
  .rc-media {
    height: 110px;                  /* proportionally smaller fixed space */
  }
  .rc-media img {
    max-width: 90px;
    max-height: 90px;
  }
}

/* === Resources subtext spacing & typography tweak === */
.resources-section .section-desc {
  margin-top: 2rem;                /* more space above grid */
  margin-bottom: 2rem;               /* keep consistent with below */
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 0.45vw + 0.8rem, 1.15rem); /* a bit larger */
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: #333;                       /* slightly darker gray for legibility */
  opacity: 0.9;                      /* keep it subtle but readable */
}


/* Publications block structure */
.pubs-section .pubs-year,
.pubs-page .pubs-year {
  margin: 0.25rem 0 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.pubs-section .pubs-list,
.pubs-page .pubs-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.pubs-section .pub,
.pubs-page .pub {
  margin: 1rem 0 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.pubs-section .pub-title strong a,
.pubs-page .pub-title strong a {
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12);
}

.pubs-section .pub-title strong a:hover,
.pubs-page .pub-title strong a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: rgba(0,0,0,.35);
}

/* Tabs and footer rows use your theme's .actions + .button already */
.pubs-tabs { justify-content: center; }
.pubs-footer { justify-content: center; }

/* Hide helpers */
.hidden { display: none; }

/* Floating back button on the publications page */
.float-back {
  position: fixed;
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: 1rem;
  z-index: 1000;
}

/* ==== Publications page layout spacing ==== */
.pubs-page .inner {
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  padding-top: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* ==== Floating "Back" buttons (People + Home share styling) ==== */
/* Replace your existing ".back-to-people-btn { ... }" with this combined block */
.back-to-people-btn,
.back-to-home-btn {
  position: fixed;                  /* specific positions set per-button below */
  z-index: 1200;
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.55rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: #2a2a2a;
  color: #fff !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace  !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease, background .2s ease;
}
.back-to-people-btn:hover,
.back-to-home-btn:hover {
  background: #000;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.back-to-people-btn:active,
.back-to-home-btn:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Alumni "Back to People" keeps its original position if you have one elsewhere.
   For Publications "Back to Home", pin it top-right: */
.back-to-home-btn {
  top: 16px;
  right: 16px;
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .back-to-home-btn {
    top: 10px;
    right: 10px;
    padding: .45rem .75rem;
    font-size: .9rem;
  }
}


/* === CONTACT SECTION FINAL POLISHED === */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 0.9fr;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  align-items: start;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);
  padding-top: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
}

.contact-left {
  padding-right: 2rem;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);
}

.contact-right {
  padding-left: 2rem;
}

/* Address blocks stacked cleanly */
.addr-block {
  margin-bottom: 1.6rem;
}
.addr-k {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  color: #2a2a2a;
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.addr-v {
  line-height: 1.55;
  opacity: 0.9;
}

/* === Larger, centered logos === */
.logos-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  margin-top: 3.5rem;
}
.logos-row .logo {
  height: 120px;     /* larger size */
  width: auto;
  opacity: 0.95;
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease;
}
.logos-row .logo:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  opacity: 1;
}

/* === Map full width and taller === */
.contact-map iframe {
  width: 100%;
  height: 440px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);
  border-radius: 10px;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

/* === Responsive === */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    border: none;
  }
  .contact-left {
    border-right: none;
    padding-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);
    padding-bottom: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
  }
  .contact-right {
    padding-left: 0;
  }
  .logos-row {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 2rem;
  }
  .logos-row .logo {
    height: 100px;
  }
  .contact-map iframe {
    height: 320px;
  }
}

/* ==== Opportunities page layout (match Publications/Alumni rhythm) ==== */
.opps-page .inner {
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  padding-top: 2rem;
  padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

.opps-page header.major {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.opps-page header.major h1 {
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 1.2vw + 1rem, 2.4rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 .4rem 0;
}
.opps-page header.major p {
  opacity: .9;
}

/* Cards */
.opps-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 1.6rem);
}
.opportunity-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.06);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.04);
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 1.5rem);
}
.opp-title {
  margin: 0 0 .5rem 0;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, .7vw + .9rem, 1.5rem);
  color: #2a2a2a;
}
.opp-body p { margin: 0 0 .8rem 0; line-height: 1.6; }
.opp-actions { margin-top: .6rem; }
.opp-link {
  display: inline-block;
}

/* Floating purple "Now recruiting!" button */
.recruiting-fab {
  position: fixed;
  left: 16px;
  bottom: 18px;
  z-index: 1400;
  display: inline-block;
  padding: .6rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: #6b46c1;           /* purple */
  color: #fff !important;
  font-family: "Roboto Mono", monospace  !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(107, 70, 193, .35);
  transition: transform .15s ease, opacity .15s ease, box-shadow .2s ease;
}
.recruiting-fab:hover {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(107, 70, 193, .45);
}
.recruiting-fab:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .recruiting-fab {
    left: 10px;
    bottom: 12px;
    padding: .5rem .8rem;
    font-size: .95rem;
  }
}

/* --- Gentle pulse animation for recruiting button --- */
@keyframes fabPulse {
  0%, 100% {
    transform: scale(1);
  }
  50% {
    transform: scale(1.05);
  }
}

.recruiting-fab {
  animation: fabPulse 5s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.recruiting-fab:hover {
  transform: scale(1.08); /* adds a tiny bump beyond the pulse */
  box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(107, 70, 193, .45);
}

/* === Footer centered layout === */
footer {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;   /* centers horizontally */
  align-items: center;       /* centers vertically */
  text-align: center;
  min-height: 80px;          /* adjust based on your design */
  padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
}


/* === Purple Opportunities button (non-animated) === */
.contact-opp-button {
  text-align: center;
  margin: 1.8rem 0 2.5rem 0;
}

.purple-button {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.7rem 1.4rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: #6b46c1;
  color: #fff !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(107, 70, 193, 0.35);
  transition: transform 0.15s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.purple-button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 28px rgba(107, 70, 193, 0.45);
}

.purple-button:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* === Make bold text stand out in Contact section === */
.contact-left strong {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  color: #2a2a2a;
}


/* Hidden by default */
.recruiting-fab {
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity .35s ease;
}

/* Visible only when JS adds .is-active */
.recruiting-fab.is-active {
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
}

/* === Fix global weight override just where we need it === */

/* Make strong actually bold on the site (safe override) */
strong, b { font-weight: 700 !important; }

/* Publications: titles always bold (linked or not) */
.pubs-page .pub-title strong,
.pubs-page .pub-title a {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* === Ensure ALL publication titles (home + page) are bold === */

/* Both the homepage section (.pubs-section) and the main page (.pubs-page) */
.pubs-section .pub-title,
.pubs-page .pub-title {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  color: #000;
}

/* If the title is a link, make it look clean and strong */
.pubs-section .pub-title a,
.pubs-page .pub-title a {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  color: #000;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.pubs-section .pub-title a:hover,
.pubs-page .pub-title a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
}

/* Contact: ensure bold headings inside the left column still pop */
.contact-left strong { font-weight: 700 !important; color: #2a2a2a; }

/* Logos: keep exactly one definition; choose your final size */
.logos-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  margin-top: 3.5rem;
}
.logos-row .logo { height: 120px; width: auto; }


/* ===== Opportunities: kill any card UI and keep only separators ===== */
.opps-list,
.opportunity-row {
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
}

/* If any previous styles used .opportunity-card, neutralize them too */
.opportunity-card {
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important; /* we'll control rhythm below */
}

/* Our clean, lined list */
.opps-list {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12) !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.12) !important;
}

.opportunity-row {
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2.5vw, 1.25rem) 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08) !important;
}
.opportunity-row:last-child { border-bottom: none !important; }

/* Title + body rhythm (kept minimal) */
.opp-title {
  margin: 0 0 .45rem 0 !important;
  font-family: var(--mit-font-family);
  font-weight: var(--mit-font-weight);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, .7vw + .9rem, 1.35rem);
  color: #2a2a2a;
}
.opp-body p { margin: 0 0 .75rem 0; line-height: 1.6; }
.opp-actions { margin-top: .4rem; }

/* Smaller, subtler subtitle under "Opportunities" */
.opps-page .opps-subtitle {
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;      /* smaller size */
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: #555;
  opacity: 0.85;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* Compact, centered bottom note */
.opps-note {
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 0.85rem;         /* same base as body text */
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: #444;
  background: #f9f9f9;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
  max-width: 700px;
  margin-inline: auto;        /* centers horizontally */
}

.opps-note strong {
  color: #222;
}

.opps-note a {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #6b46c1;             /* purple accent to match buttons */
  text-decoration: none;
}
.opps-note a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* =========================================
   Publications Buttons — final balanced version
   - Unselected: very faint (light gray text)
   - Active: dark
   - Footer: medium dark
   - No font override
========================================= */

:root {
  --btn-dark: #1a1a1a;  /* active tab */
  --btn-mid:  #3b3b3b;  /* footer buttons */
  --btn-faint: #aaa;    /* much lighter inactive tab text */
  --btn-border: rgba(0,0,0,.1);
  --btn-hover: #000;
}

/* Containers */
.pubs-section .pubs-tabs,
.pubs-section .actions,
.pubs-page   .pubs-tabs,
.pubs-page   .actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* === TOP TAB BUTTONS === */
.pubs-section .pubs-tabs .button,
.pubs-page   .pubs-tabs .button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: .35rem;

  min-height: 26px !important;     /* was ~32px */
  padding: 0.25rem 0.9rem !important;  /* tighter vertical space */
  font-size: 0.88rem !important;       /* keeps proportions right */
  border-radius: 9999px !important;    /* still rounded */
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
}
/* lighter gray for inactive state */
  background: #eaeaea; 
  color: #333;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08);
  box-shadow: none;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background .18s ease, color .18s ease, border-color .18s ease, transform .12s ease;
}

/* Hover = subtle darkening */
.pubs-section .pubs-tabs .button:hover,
.pubs-page   .pubs-tabs .button:hover {
  background: #dedede;
  color: #000;
}

/* Active = solid dark pill */
.pubs-section .pubs-tabs .button.active,
.pubs-page   .pubs-tabs .button.active {
  background: #1a1a1a !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  border-color: transparent !important;
}
.pubs-section .pubs-tabs .button.active:hover,
.pubs-page   .pubs-tabs .button.active:hover {
  background: #000 !important;
}


/* === FOOTER BUTTONS === */
.pubs-page   .actions li > a.button,
.pubs-section .actions li > a.button {
  background: #3b3b3b !important;   /* was #1a1a1a → lighter neutral gray */
  color: #fff !important;
  border: none !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  transition: background .18s ease, transform .12s ease;
}

/* Hover = subtle darkening */
.pubs-page   .actions li > a.button:hover,
.pubs-section .actions li > a.button:hover {
  background: #1f1f1f !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Active (on click) */
.pubs-page   .actions li > a.button:active,
.pubs-section .actions li > a.button:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* === Publications top tabs — force styles with higher specificity === */
/* Inactive tabs (lighter) */
.pubs-page   .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button:not(.active),
.pubs-section .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button:not(.active) {
  background: #eaeaea !important;      /* lighter gray */
  color: #333 !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.08) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

/* Hover on inactive */
.pubs-page   .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button:not(.active):hover,
.pubs-section .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button:not(.active):hover {
  background: #dedede !important;
  color: #000 !important;
}

/* Active tab (dark) */
.pubs-page   .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button.active,
.pubs-section .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button.active {
  background: #1a1a1a !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  border-color: transparent !important;
}

/* Hover on active */
.pubs-page   .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button.active:hover,
.pubs-section .actions.pubs-tabs li > a.button.active:hover {
  background: #000 !important;
}
/* ============================================
   RESEARCH — balanced spacing: wider gap + more vertical rhythm
   (final tuned layout)
============================================ */

:root{
  /* Column balance + spacing variables */
  --rs-split-img: clamp(30%, 35vw, 42%);        /* image column width */
  --rs-gap:       clamp(2rem, 3vw, 3.5rem);     /* horizontal gap between columns */
  --rs-section-space: clamp(3.5rem, 6vw, 6rem); /* vertical space between sections */
}

/* Apply clean margin rhythm between spotlight rows */
#research .spotlights > section,
#research .spotlight{
  margin-bottom: var(--rs-section-space);
  border: none !important;
}

/* Medium & large screens: two-column layout with wider gap */
@media (min-width: 980px){
  #research .spotlights > section,
  #research .spotlight{
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: var(--rs-gap) !important;
  }

  #research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media{
    flex: 0 1 var(--rs-split-img) !important;
    height: var(--rs-desktop-h) !important;
    max-height: 70vh !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }

  #research .spotlight .content{
    flex: 1 1 calc(100% - var(--rs-split-img)) !important;
    max-width: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
  }
}

/* Mobile / small screens: stacked layout, keep good breathing room */
@media (max-width: 979px){
  #research .spotlights > section,
  #research .spotlight{
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--rs-section-space);
  }

  #research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media{
    width: 100%;
    height: var(--rs-mobile-h) !important;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  }
}

/* Image styling */
#research .spotlight .image.r-spotlight__media img{
  display: block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  max-height: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}


/* =====================================================
   Subtle section dividers between main homepage blocks
   (except above Research — keep banner seamless)
===================================================== */

/* Base divider line */
section[id]:not(#banner):not(:last-of-type) {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);   /* thin neutral gray line */
  margin-top: 0;                               /* no double spacing */
}

/* Add some breathing room so the divider has space to read */
section[id]:not(#banner) {
  padding-top: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
  padding-bottom: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
}

/* Make sure the banner and first section join perfectly */
#banner + section {
  border-top: none !important;
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

/* Optional: make the divider even subtler */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {
  section[id]:not(#banner):not(:last-of-type) {
    border-top-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  }
}

/* =========================================================
   PHONE: remove side gutters + full-bleed menu (no side space)
   Put at END of custom.css
========================================================= */
@media (max-width: 600px) {

  /* 1) Kill theme gutters that create the “box” */
  #banner,
  #banner > .inner,
  #banner .content,
  #banner section,
  #banner .wrapper {
    max-width: none !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    padding-right: 0 !important;
  }

  /* Some Story layouts apply padding on .wrapper/.inner globally;
     ensure banner specifically has zero side padding */
  #banner { margin-left: 0 !important; margin-right: 0 !important; }

  /* 2) Full-bleed embed wrapper: edge-to-edge viewport */
  .embed-frame{
    --stage-w: 500px;   /* GWD stage width */
    --stage-h: 350px;   /* GWD stage height (adjust if needed) */

    --menu-scale: min(1, calc(100vw / var(--stage-w)));

    width: 100vw !important;
    max-width: none !important;

    /* Break out of centered containers */
    position: relative !important;
    left: 50% !important;
    right: auto !important;
    transform: translateX(-50%) !important;

    /* No side margins at all */
    margin: 0 !important;

    /* Match height to scaled content to prevent clipping */
    height: calc(var(--stage-h) * var(--menu-scale)) !important;

    overflow: visible !important;
  }

  /* 3) Iframe: top-centered, scaled from viewport */
  .embed-frame iframe{
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 0 !important;
    left: 50% !important;

    width: var(--stage-w) !important;
    height: var(--stage-h) !important;

    border: 0 !important;
    display: block !important;

    transform-origin: top center !important;
    transform: translateX(-50%) scale(var(--menu-scale)) !important;
  }
}



/* =========================================================
   FINAL: Anchor offset for floating nav (dynamic height via JS)
   - Keeps 2-line nav on phones
   - Prevents covered content
   - Does NOT change layout spacing between sections
   - SPECIAL: #research-top lands tighter (no extra gap)
========================================================= */

:root{
  --menu-height: 56px;         /* fallback; JS overwrites */
  --floating-nav-h: 56px;      /* fallback; JS overwrites */
  --anchor-gap: 12px;          /* default breathing room below the bar */
}

/* Browser-native anchor offset (works for hash changes + scrollIntoView) */
html{
  scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--menu-height) + var(--anchor-gap));
}

/* Anchor shim: offset scroll target WITHOUT adding visible layout space */
section[id]:not(#banner)::before{
  content: "";
  display: block;
  height: calc(var(--menu-height) + var(--anchor-gap));
  margin-top: calc(-1 * (var(--menu-height) + var(--anchor-gap)));
  visibility: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Keep your normal section spacing */
section[id]:not(#banner){
  position: relative;
  padding-top: 0.75rem;
}

/* Theme guards */
section[id]:not(#banner) > *:first-child { margin-top: 0 !important; }
section[id]:not(#banner) .inner { padding-top: 0 !important; margin-top: 0 !important; }

/* -----------------------------------------
   SPECIAL CASE: Research should land tighter
----------------------------------------- */
#research-top{
  --anchor-gap: 0px;
}

/* PHONE: keep 2-line floating nav (wrap) */
@media (max-width: 520px){
  #floating-nav .floating-nav__inner{
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    row-gap: .3rem;
  }

  #floating-nav a{
    flex: 0 1 auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
    padding: 0 .5rem;
  }
}

/* ===========================
   Lab Photos carousel — full-bleed + slower
=========================== */

.lab-carousel{
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;

  /* full-bleed (uses whole viewport width even inside centered containers) */
  width: 100vw;
  margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
  margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);

  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;

  border-radius: 10px; /* slightly sharper than 14px */
}

.lab-carousel__track{
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  align-items: center;
  width: max-content;

  /* slower */
  animation: labMarquee 85s linear infinite;

  will-change: transform;
}

.lab-carousel__item{
  display: block;
  flex: 0 0 auto;

  /* keep height consistent; width follows from aspect ratio */
  height: clamp(140px, 22vw, 220px);
 

  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 10px; /* sharper corners */
  background: #f3f3f3;
}

.lab-carousel__item img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

/* Pause on hover (desktop) */
.lab-carousel:hover .lab-carousel__track{
  animation-play-state: paused;
}

/* same keyframes logic (needs duplicated items in HTML) */
@keyframes labMarquee{
  from { transform: translateX(0); }
  to   { transform: translateX(-50%); }
}

/* Respect reduced motion */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  .lab-carousel__track{ animation: none; }
}


/* =========================================================
   LAB PHOTOS PAGE (/lab-photos/)
   - Grid shows SMALL thumbnails with FULL image (no crop)
   - Lightbox image never exceeds site width
========================================================= */

/* Grid: smaller thumbs */
.lab-grid{
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr)); /* smaller */
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

/* Thumb container */
.lab-thumb{
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: #f3f3f3;        /* shows behind letterboxing */
  border-radius: 10px;         /* sharper corners */
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Thumbnail image: show FULL image, not cropped */
.lab-thumb img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;         /* keeps tiles uniform */
  object-fit: contain;         /* <-- key: no crop, full image */
  object-position: center;
  background: #f3f3f3;
  display: block;
}

/* Lightbox overlay */
.lab-lightbox{
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,.85);
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  z-index: 2000;
  padding: 1.25rem;
}
.lab-lightbox.is-open{ display: flex; }

/* Opened image: cap to website width */
.lab-lightbox__img{
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1100px;           /* match your site content cap */
  max-height: 85vh;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: transparent;
}

/* Close button stays accessible */
.lab-lightbox__close{
  position: absolute;
  top: 14px;
  right: 14px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  border: 0;
  background: rgba(255,255,255,.15);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 28px;
  line-height: 44px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* Optional: slightly bigger thumbs on larger screens */
@media (min-width: 900px){
  .lab-grid{ grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160px, 1fr)); }
}